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Allopurinol protects human glomerular endothelial cells from high glucose-induced reactive oxygen species generation, p53 overexpression and endothelial dysfunction.

Int Urol Nephrol. 2018; 
Eleftheriadis T, Pissas G, Antoniadi G, Liakopoulos V, Stefanidis I.
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摘要

Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction in capillary endothelial cells is a prerequisite for the development of diabetic nephropathy. Inhibition of xanthine oxidase, another ROS generator, ameliorates experimental diabetic nephropathy. To test the hypothesis that the initial high glucose-induced ROS production by the mitochondria activates xanthine oxidase, which afterward remains as the major source of ROS, we cultured primary human glomerular endothelial cells (GEnC) under normal or high-glucose conditions, with or without the xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol.,ROS generation and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity were assessed by chemiluminescence or colorimetrically. Levels of inte... More

关键词

Allopurinol; Diabetic nephropathy; Endothelial dysfunction; Reactive oxygen species; Xanthine oxidase; p53