In mammalian brain neurons, membrane depolarization leads to voltage-gated Ca channel-mediated Ca influx that triggers diverse cellular responses, including gene expression, in a process termed excitation-transcription coupling. Neuronal L-type Ca channels, which have prominent populations on the soma and distal dendrites of hippocampal neurons, play a privileged role in excitation-transcription coupling. The voltage-gated K channel Kv2.1 organizes signaling complexes containing the L-type Ca channel Cav1.2 at somatic endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane junctions. This leads to enhanced clustering of Cav1.2 channels, increasing their activity. However, the downstream consequences of the Kv2.1-mediated regulat... More
In mammalian brain neurons, membrane depolarization leads to voltage-gated Ca channel-mediated Ca influx that triggers diverse cellular responses, including gene expression, in a process termed excitation-transcription coupling. Neuronal L-type Ca channels, which have prominent populations on the soma and distal dendrites of hippocampal neurons, play a privileged role in excitation-transcription coupling. The voltage-gated K channel Kv2.1 organizes signaling complexes containing the L-type Ca channel Cav1.2 at somatic endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane junctions. This leads to enhanced clustering of Cav1.2 channels, increasing their activity. However, the downstream consequences of the Kv2.1-mediated regulation of Cav1.2 localization and function on excitation-transcription coupling are not known. Here, we have identified a region between residues 478 to 486 of Kv2.1's C terminus that mediates the Kv2.1-dependent clustering of Cav1.2. By disrupting this Ca channel association domain with either mutations or with a cell-penetrating interfering peptide, we blocked the Kv2.1-mediated clustering of Cav1.2 at endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane junctions and the subsequent enhancement of its channel activity and somatic Ca signals without affecting the clustering of Kv2.1. These interventions abolished the depolarization-induced and L-type Ca channel-dependent phosphorylation of the transcription factor CREB and the subsequent expression of c-Fos in hippocampal neurons. Our findings support a model whereby the Kv2.1-Ca channel association domain-mediated clustering of Cav1.2 channels imparts a mechanism to control somatic Ca signals that couple neuronal excitation to gene expression.
